Constructors in Cairo A constructor is a one-time-call function executed during contract deployment to initialize state variables, perform contract setup tasks, make cross-contract interactions and...

Access Control in Cairo Access control defines who can call specific functions or modify contract behavior. This article explains how Cairo implements access control using the macro. A Review of...

Cairo Components Part 1 Components in Cairo behave like abstract contracts in Solidity. They can define and work with storage, events, and functions, but they can’t be deployed on their own. The...

Structure of a Basic Contract This article shows how to build a deployable Cairo contract for Starknet. Starting from a simple sketch, we will gradually add features to build a working contract...

Integers in Cairo Cairo doesn’t offer the full range of integer sizes found in Solidity. While Solidity provides integer types for every multiple of 8 bits up to 256, Cairo supports only the...

Function Visibility in Cairo Cairo does not have "internal" and "pure" modifiers (or any other modifiers for that matter) like Solidity does. Recall that marking an block with tells Cairo to include...

Type Casting Type casting in Cairo is the process of converting values from one data type to another. This becomes necessary when working with Cairo's strict type system, where explicit type matching...

Fixed Point Arithmetic in Solidity (Using Solady, Solmate, and ABDK as Examples) A fixed-point number is an integer that stores only the numerator of a fraction — while the denominator is implied....

Solidity Signed Integer Solidity signed integers enable using negative numbers in a smart contract. This article documents how they are used at the EVM level. Basic familiarity with the EVM and...

Smart Contract Security !smart contract security This article serves as a mini course on smart contract security and provides an extensive list of the issues and vulnerabilities that tend to recur in...